Little Ethiopia of the Pacific Northwest by Joseph W. Scott

Author:Joseph W. Scott [Scott, Joseph W.]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Social Science, Emigration & Immigration, Sociology, General
ISBN: 9781351508483
Google: KS0rDwAAQBAJ
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2017-07-05T04:32:37+00:00

Notes

1. See, for instance, Arie Aviram, “Socialization for Entrepreneurship,” Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, Vol. 14, No. 03 (2009), pp. 311–330, for a recent study conducted on Ethiopian immigrants in Israel on a similar topic.

2. Almost all ethnic groups in Ethiopia (such as Amhara, Tigre, Oromo, Somali, and Gurage) have provincial, ethnic, clan, or religious self-help associations including Eder, Equb, and Senbete. See Donald Levine, Greater Ethiopia: The Evolution of a Multiethnic Society (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000), pp.113–141, 165–198; Simon D. Messing, Highland Plateau Amhara of Ethiopia (New Heaven, Human Relations Area Files, Inc., 1985), Vol. I and II (in three volumes); William A. Shack, The Gurage: A People of the Enset Culture (London: Published for the International African Institute by Oxford U.P., 1966).

3. See Price, M. and Chacko, E., (2009), “The Mixed Embeddedness of Ethnic Entrepreneurs in a New Immigrant Gateway,” Journal of Immigrant and Refugee Studies, 7, (3), 328–346 for a report on Ethiopians who started businesses because their academic degrees were not recognized as equal to those degrees in the United States. Self-employment was perceived as a good option to achieve upward mobility. These entrepreneurs strategically carved out certain niches: They commonly opened grocery stores and personal service businesses—for example, restaurants and taxi services. They also started real estate services and travel agencies, along with insurance agencies. To accumulate capital quickly, they employed the rotating lottery system. Ethiopian businesses tended to be clustered close together in the inner-city cores.

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